Optimization of Window-to-Wall Ratio for Buildings Located in Different Climates: An IDA-Indoor Climate and Energy Simulation Study

This study investigates different cases to obtain optimal Window-to-Wall ratio (WWR) in seven climate conditions based on the Köppen–Geiger classification. The WWR was decided minimum amount of total energy use (total cooling, heating, and lighting use) a building model during complete year. impact overhang automatic blinds were assessed optimization for with integrated control. Moreover, three windows U-values features employed order analyze their effect building. IDA-Indoor Climate Energy (IDA-ICE) used carry out simulations. software has been validated ASHRAE Standard 140. Based each condition, orientation, window type, comfort conditions, an range specific combination blind, overhang, or neither found.